Elixir promotes a 'let it crash' philosophy where processes are designed to fail gracefully. Supervisors monitor processes and can restart them to maintain system stability.

Elixir employs a unique error-handling philosophy rooted in the principles of the Erlang ecosystem, famously summarized as 'let it crash.' This approach encourages developers to write processes that are designed to fail and recover gracefully rather than trying to anticipate and handle every potential error. In Elixir, each process operates independently, and if a process encounters an unrecoverable error, it can crash without affecting other processes. This isolation helps maintain the overall stability of the system. To manage these failures, Elixir provides Supervisors, which are special processes that monitor other processes and define strategies for handling failures. Supervisors can automatically restart crashed child processes according to pre-defined strategies, such as one-for-one (restarting only the crashed process) or one-for-all (restarting all processes in the group). This allows for self-healing applications where errors do not propagate through the system. Additionally, Elixir provides mechanisms such as try, catch, and rescue for handling exceptions when necessary, although these are typically used sparingly in favor of the process-based approach to error management. By leveraging this model, developers can create resilient applications that can withstand unexpected failures while providing a seamless user experience.