'Bad match' errors occur when pattern matching fails, typically due to a mismatch between the expected and actual values. Check your pattern matching clauses to ensure they align with the data being processed.

'Bad match' errors in Elixir are a result of failed pattern matching, which is a core feature of the language. This error occurs when the value being matched does not conform to the patterns defined in your code. For example, if you attempt to match a tuple {1, 2} to a pattern expecting {a, b} and instead receive a different structure, you'll trigger a 'bad match' error. To resolve this issue, start by reviewing the lines of code where the error occurs. Analyze the value being matched and ensure it aligns with the expected pattern. It can be beneficial to add debugging statements to log the values being processed, making it easier to identify discrepancies. Additionally, consider using guard clauses to add conditions that help ensure a match only occurs when specific criteria are met. This can prevent unexpected values from causing a 'bad match' error. Implementing comprehensive unit tests can also help catch these errors during development, ensuring that your pattern matching logic handles a variety of cases correctly. By carefully managing your pattern matching and validating inputs, you can minimize the occurrence of 'bad match' errors.